Wola Plants
THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY OF THE COMPOSITION OF PLANT COMMUNITIES IN THE HIGHLANDS OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA.
The following tables report the results of a survey of the composition of plant communities in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea. They contain the data reported on in a paper entitled ‘An ethnobotanical account of the vegetation communities of the Wola region, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea’ published in the Journal of Ethnobiology volume 18, number 1. This paper on the vegetation communities distinguished by the Wola people of the Southern Highlands is part of an ethnobotanical series. A previous companion paper on their botanical taxonomic scheme was published in the Journal of Ethnobiology volume. 15, number 2.
The tables are arranged according to the vegetation communities identified by the Wola, just as the accounts of vegetational ecology in the paper are structured around the successions named by them.. They identify nine vegetation types, with a further four sub-types, ranging from climax montane forest to seral communities of grassland, as follows:
· iyshabuw: lower montane rainforest
· pa: wetland vegetation
· haenbora: rocky vegetation
· yom: alpine vegetation
· way bway: cultivated vegetation, comprising two locales:
– em : gardens
– aend bort (or aendtay): houseyard environs
. mokombai: recently abandoned garden successions, including two sub-types:
– taengbiyp: pioneer herbaceous regrowth
– bol: later coarse grass regrowth
· gaimb: cane grass regrowth
· obael: secondary forest regrowth
· pletbok: thicket (which may occur at locales within some of the above vegetational successions (notably iyshabuw, yom, gaimb and obael), and relates more to density of plant growth than species composition or land use).
The species composition of these communities was found to range from 18 to 174. There is a broad correspondence between the local and scientific identification of the ecological zones, which these quantitative data reinforce. The Wola speak about the vegetational communities on disturbed land comprising an anthropogenic series of varying composition and species richness that relates to the unaltered forest community, and the tables are presented according to this presumed ecological succession.
The composition of these communities was investigated in a series of quadrat surveys, recording plant species present. The surveys were conducted in the Was (Wage) river valley region of the Southern Highlands Province. Information was first accumulated on the indicator species and floristic structure which the Wola look for in discriminating between named successions. The survey was conducted after the ethnographer was familiar with the plant communities distinguished by the Wola following many visits to different locales where people described the successions, relating the distinctive composition and diagnostic floristic features of plant communities as they saw them. A series of quadrat surveys was then conducted to gather quantifiable data on the composition of the various successions (Kershaw 1973; Kent & Coker 1992).
The data are recorded in the following tables, covering each of the different vegetational communities. These tables are arranged according to Wola categories of growth form (woody plants, vines, tree ferns etc.), and alphabetically by botanical families within each of these categories. They include the Wola name for the plants, together with their species and genera identifications. These have been substantiated by vouchers, annotated reference exsiccatae being deposited at several herbaria (see Sillitoe, 1995), upon which determinations depended, together with some use of available monographic keys. I relied heavily upon my Wola friends’ knowledge of their region’s flora in making discriminations.
The dimensions of the areas surveyed varied, as indicated at the head of each table, according to the size of the vegetation comprising the communities. Where the vegetation included some very large plants (iyshabuw montane forest, obael secondary woodland and gaimb cane grassland), ten metre square quadrats were marked out using a surveyor’s tape, and all of the plants occurring in the demarcated area were counted, excluding fungi and mosses. Where the plants were smaller (em gardens, mokombai abandoned gardens, haenbora rockland and pa swampland communities), one metre square portable frames were used, thrown at random in the locations surveyed, and all plants that grew within the area delimited by the squares counted. When the frames tipped sideways or caught in shrubbery in dense vegetation, we moved plant stems where possible to even them up, or if they were too robust for this, undid one corner of the frame to encompass them. The larger 100m2 sites, like those in the forest, were selected at random, using two random numbers per site, to determine compass direction and distance in paced meters from the last site surveyed to the next one. The survey starting points were selected by pointing blind fold at a map of the region.
REFERENCES
KENT, MARTIN & COKER, PADDY 1992 Vegetation description and analysis. London: Bellhaven Press.
KERSHAW, KENNETH A. 1973 Quantitative and dynamic plant ecology. London: Arnold
SILLITOE, PAUL 1995 An ethnobotanical account of the plant resources of the Wola region, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. Journal of Ethnobiology 15 (2): 201-235.
LIST 1 THE COMPOSITION OF MONTANE RAINFOREST
(Data from 25, 100m2 quadrat counts. *numbers in brackets = number of total comprising sapling/seedling trees)
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Apocynaceae |
Alstonia glabiflora |
hogbal |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Ilex spicata |
hibish |
10 (8) |
40 (32) |
11 (9) |
0.44 |
0.58 |
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Sphenostemon papuanum |
sunglaes |
24 (23) |
96 (92) |
102 (81) |
4.08 |
3.58 |
|
Araliaceae |
Harmsiopanax ingens |
mak |
2 |
8 |
3 |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Araliaceae |
Mackinlaya schlechteri |
momkak |
7 |
28 |
84 |
3.36 |
6.78 |
|
Araliaceae |
Mackinlaya sp. |
kolomb |
10 (10) |
40 (40) |
18 (18) |
0.72 |
1.31 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera chaetorachis |
haegaes-hebhond |
11 (9) |
44 (36) |
24 (20) |
0.96 |
1.93 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera hirsuta |
injil |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.2 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes-munduwm |
17 (17) |
68 (68) |
52 (49) |
2.08 |
2.24 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes |
3 (2) |
12 (8) |
4 (2) |
0.16 |
0.47 |
|
Cresneriaceae |
Cyrtandra sp. |
polpol |
24 |
96 |
323 |
12.92 |
10.04 |
|
Cresneriaceae |
Cyrtandra sp. |
unnamed |
2 |
8 |
10 |
0.4 |
1.5 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Caldcluvia celebica |
momuwn |
10 (9) |
40 (36) |
14 (12) |
0.56 |
0.77 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Caldcluvia papuana |
huwshiy |
3 (3) |
12 (12) |
9 (9) |
0.36 |
1.41 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Schizomeria sp. |
bon-maip |
12 (9) |
48 (36) |
34 (24) |
1.36 |
2.18 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Schizomeria sp. |
maip |
15 (13) |
60 (52) |
40 (30) |
1.6 |
1.76 |
|
Daphniphyllaceae |
Daphniphyllum sp. |
penden |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
24 (24) |
0.96 |
4.05 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Aceratium sp. |
donk |
14 (12) |
56 (48) |
36 (28) |
1.44 |
1.98 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Aceratium tomentosum |
natnat |
3 (3) |
12 (12) |
4 (4) |
0.16 |
0.47 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Elaeocarpus leucanthus |
shongom |
5 (4) |
20 (16) |
10 (8) |
0.4 |
1.08 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Elaeocarpus ptilanthus |
shwimb-set |
8 (7) |
32 (28) |
11 (9) |
0.44 |
0.71 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Elaeocarpus sp. |
tomba |
10 (7) |
40 (28) |
20 (11) |
0.80 |
1.29 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Sloanea aberrans |
wat |
8 (4) |
32 (16) |
13 (8) |
0.52 |
0.96 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Antidesma sp. |
haemaemtaenk |
11 (11) |
44 (44) |
20 (19) |
0.8 |
1.23 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Breynia cernua |
enjat |
4 |
16 |
4 |
0.16 |
0.37 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Claoxylon ledermannii |
hayak |
4 (4) |
16 (16) |
6 (6) |
0.24 |
0.60 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Drypetes sp. |
wolsuwpuw |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion sp. |
mul |
13 (10) |
52 (40) |
21 (17) |
0.84 |
0.99 |
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion pomiferum |
haenshor |
3 |
12 |
13 |
0.52 |
2.02 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
3 (2) |
12 (8) |
11 (9) |
0.44 |
1.42 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga pleioneura |
shongaen |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
en |
10 (8) |
40 (32) |
17 (14) |
0.68 |
0.99 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
bobae |
2 (1) |
8 (4) |
2 (1) |
0.08 |
0.28 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus sp. |
kol |
21 |
84 |
329 |
13.16 |
20.29 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus sp. |
digil |
6 |
24 |
14 |
0.56 |
1.36 |
|
Fagaceae |
Nothofagus grandis |
pel-kelkel |
8 (7) |
32 (28) |
33 (26) |
1.32 |
2.58 |
|
Fagaceae |
Nothofagus starkenborghii |
pel-port |
14 (12) |
56 (48) |
93 (73) |
3.72 |
5.86 |
|
Guttiferae |
Garcinia sp. |
wok |
17 (16) |
68 (64) |
112 (99) |
4.48 |
7.07 |
|
Guttiferae |
Garcinia sp. |
munk |
19 (17) |
76 (68) |
53 (48) |
2.12 |
1.94 |
|
Guttiferae |
Garcinia sp. |
munkiyriyt |
7 (6) |
28 (24) |
9 (7) |
0.36 |
0.70 |
|
Halorigidaceae |
Gunnera macrophylla |
bat-haen |
14 (11) |
56 (44) |
62 (52) |
2.48 |
3.50 |
|
Himantandraceae |
Galbulimima belgraveana |
haezuwmb |
13 (8) |
52 (32) |
23 (17) |
0.92 |
1.19 |
|
Icacinaceae |
Platea excelsa |
serep |
9 (8) |
36 (32) |
18 (17) |
0.72 |
1.99 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cinnamomum sp. |
mat |
9 (9) |
36 (36) |
22 (22) |
0.88 |
1.54 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.2 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya sp. |
bat |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
3 (3) |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya sp. |
bat-hok |
6 (5) |
24 (20) |
11 (9) |
0.44 |
0.96 |
|
Lauraceae |
Litsea guppyi |
mahaep |
2 |
8 |
4 |
0.16 |
0.55 |
|
Loganiaceae |
Fagraea sp. |
mom |
4 (3) |
16 (12) |
4 (3) |
0.16 |
0.37 |
|
Malvaceae |
Hibiscus d’albertisii |
mashor |
4 |
16 |
13 (13) |
0.52 |
1.58 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Astronia sp. |
romiya |
4 (4) |
16 (16) |
11 (10) |
0.44 |
1.08 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Astronia sp. |
gwaigwai |
4 (3) |
16 (12) |
7 (5) |
0.28 |
0.68 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Beccarianthus sp. |
hombom |
11 (10) |
44 (40) |
40 (38) |
1.6 |
2.43 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Medinella sp. |
orol |
4 (3) |
16 (12) |
9 (7) |
0.36 |
1.08 |
|
Meliaceae |
Chisocheton ceramicum |
shiyp |
19 (19) |
76 (76) |
65 (56) |
2.6 |
2.12 |
|
Monimiaceae |
Anthobembix sp. |
nak |
20 |
80 |
141 |
5.64 |
4.65 |
|
Monimiaceae |
Levieria beccariana |
bat-kwimb |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
4 (4) |
0.16 |
0.55 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus iodotricha |
ponjip |
20 (20) |
80 (80) |
134 (120) |
5.36 |
4.61 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus mafuluensis |
soiz |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
4 (4) |
0.16 |
0.63 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus megalophylla |
shuwat-pegaend |
4 (4) |
16 (16) |
7 (5) |
0.28 |
0.74 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus microdictya |
pakpak |
4 (2) |
16 (8) |
8 (6) |
0.32 |
1.03 |
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus mollior |
pil-ndiy |
3 (2) |
12 (8) |
3 (2) |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus quercetorum |
in |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus : Rhizoclada sect. |
hobay |
3 (3) |
12 (12) |
4 (4) |
0.16 |
0.47 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus wassa |
poiz |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
6 (6) |
0.24 |
0.88 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Maesa sp. |
paerep |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
2 (2) |
0.08 |
0.28 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Rapanea sp. |
hobaen |
22 (21) |
88 (84) |
123 (119) |
4.92 |
5.07 |
|
Myrsiniaceae |
Discocalyx sp. |
babortugum |
16 (14) |
64 (56) |
34 (27) |
1.36 |
1.35 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Decaspermum sp. |
magumb |
4 (3) |
16 (12) |
6 (4) |
0.24 |
0.66 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Psidium sp. |
dobay |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Syzygium sp. |
piyp-taguwt |
4 (4) |
16 (16) |
11 (7) |
0.44 |
1.08 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Syzygium sp. |
piyp-maeraem |
3 (2) |
12 (8) |
3 (2) |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Syzygium sp. |
piyp-ak |
3 (2) |
12 (8) |
4 (2) |
0.16 |
0.47 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Xanthomyrtus sp. |
pongol |
1 (1) |
4 |
10 (7) |
0.4 |
2.0 |
|
Ochnaceae |
Schuurmansia henningsii |
op |
15 (13) |
60 (52) |
100 (82) |
4.0 |
5.66 |
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
5 |
20 |
11 |
0.44 |
1.12 |
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
uwk-kongol |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0.08 |
0.4 |
|
Pittosporaceae |
Pittosporum sinuatum |
naykitkit |
6 |
24 |
6 |
0.24 |
0.44 |
|
Pittosporaceae |
Pittosporum sp. |
nemb |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.2 |
|
Podocarpaceae |
Podocarpus nerrfolius |
haebuwl |
3 (3) |
12 (12) |
6 (5) |
0.24 |
0.83 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Eriandra sp. |
dayow |
6 (6) |
24 (24) |
9 (9) |
0.36 |
0.76 |
|
Proteaceae |
Helicia oreadum |
dorok |
12 (11) |
48 (44) |
19 (16) |
0.76 |
0,97 |
|
Rosaceae |
Prunus gazelle-peninsulae |
hombolem |
7 (6) |
28 (24) |
15 (11) |
0.6 |
1.19 |
|
Rosaceae |
Prunus glomerata |
mabep |
1 (1) |
4 (4) |
1 (1) |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Rosaceae |
Prunus sp. |
hegnenjay |
6 (5) |
24 (20) |
14 (11) |
0.56 |
1.29 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Amaracarpus sp. |
taentaen |
6 (6) |
24 (24) |
38 (38) |
1.52 |
3.43 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Gardenia gjellerupii |
sabhul |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
2 (2) |
0.08 |
0.28 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Timonius belensis |
homay |
13 (12) |
52 (48) |
18 (15) |
0.72 |
0.84 |
|
Rutaceae |
Evodiella cauliflora |
huwmb |
23 (18) |
92 (72) |
68 (54) |
2.72 |
1.70 |
|
Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum sp. |
taygel |
3 (3) |
12 (12) |
3 (3) |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Sabiaceae |
Meliosma pinnata |
sabik |
9 (9) |
36 (36) |
16 (16) |
0.64 |
1.00 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Ganophyllum sp. |
kuwliy |
15 |
60 |
30 |
1.2 |
1.23 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Mischocarpus sp. |
paeznol |
5 (4) |
20 (16) |
7 (4) |
0.28 |
0.68 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Pometia pinnata |
baerel |
7 |
28 |
17 |
0.68 |
1.15 |
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Sapotaceae |
Planchonella macropoda |
aerel |
11 (10) |
44 (40) |
22 (21) |
0.88 |
1.20 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
21 (21) |
84 (84) |
136 (134) |
5.44 |
4.90 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
oljomb |
3 (1) |
12 (4) |
5 (1) |
0.20 |
0.65 |
|
Staphyleaceae |
Turpinia pentandra |
iybdinj |
8 (8) |
32 (32) |
19 (18) |
0.76 |
1.72 |
|
Sterculiaceae |
Sterculia sp. |
hok |
5 (2) |
20 (8) |
5 (2) |
0.2 |
0.41 |
|
Symplocaceae |
Symplocos cochinchinensis |
laenjlaenj |
10 (7) |
40 (28) |
24 (18) |
0.96 |
1.54 |
|
Theaceae |
Eurya longisepala |
nenjay |
14 (11) |
56 (44) |
25 (21) |
1.0 |
1.5 |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
tuwmuwaengael |
13 |
52 |
62 |
2.48 |
3.03 |
|
Urticaceae |
Laportea sp. |
niykor |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Urticaceae |
Maoutia sp. |
inom |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0.08 |
0.4 |
|
Winteraceae |
Bubbia sp. |
bat-konduwk |
4 |
16 |
5 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
|
Winteraceae |
Bubbia sp. |
kuwlow |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Indet. tree |
mund |
11 (10) |
44 (40) |
22 (16) |
0.88 |
1.24 | |
|
Indet. shrub |
unnamed |
1 |
4 |
14 |
0.56 |
2.8 | |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Aspleniaceae |
Polystichum keysserianum |
shumbuwhon |
16 |
64 |
296 |
11.84 |
14.71 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea sp. |
kolmaen |
4 |
16 |
6 |
0.24 |
0.66 |
|
Athyriaceae |
Diplazium latilobum |
tombogaim |
8 |
32 |
29 |
1.16 |
2.41 |
|
Athyriaceae |
Diplazium sp. |
tombogaim-oliy |
3 |
12 |
7 |
0.28 |
0.79 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea macgillavrayi |
lorwalorwa |
4 (4) |
16 (16) |
10 (9) |
0.4 |
1.04 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea nottofagorum |
taendbiyaib |
5 (2) |
20 (8) |
8 |
0.32 |
0.75 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea pilulifera |
wolhenk |
6 (3) |
24 (12) |
8 (4) |
0.32 |
0.63 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea pycnoneiva |
showai |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
8 (4) |
0.32 |
1.41 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea sp. |
daepdaep |
23 (21) |
92 (84) |
142 (120) |
5.68 |
4.64 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Dicksonia grandis |
kabiyp |
24 (24) |
96 (96) |
154 (136) |
6.16 |
4.53 |
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Dennstaedtia sp. |
aguwpaguwp |
5 |
20 |
9 |
0.36 |
0.91 |
|
Marattiaceae |
Marattia sp. |
omak |
21 |
84 |
62 |
2.48 |
2.22 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus archboldii |
meshmesh |
21 |
84 |
1630 |
65.2 |
89.64 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus sp. |
unnamed |
2 |
8 |
53 |
2.12 |
9.43 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Pneumatopteris sp. |
tiyptiyp |
5 |
20 |
11 |
0.44 |
1.00 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Hypolepsis brooksiae |
yaeblaengay |
4 |
16 |
20 |
0.8 |
3.03 |
|
Gleicheniaceae |
Dicranopteris linearis |
saezuwp |
5 |
20 |
30 |
1.2 |
3.11 |
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Indet. fern |
unnamed |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 | |
|
AENK (SCREW-PINES) | |||||||
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus adinobotrys |
keret |
13 (12) |
52 (48) |
65 (45) |
2.6 |
3.81 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus antaresensis |
aendashor |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus archboldianus |
pundin |
12 (9) |
48 (36) |
38 (27) |
1.52 |
2.28 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus julianettii |
aenk |
11 (11) |
44 (44) |
16 (15) |
0.64 |
1.0 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Anacardiaceae |
Rhus caudata |
kishwomb |
4 |
16 |
4 |
0.16 |
0.37 |
|
Apocynaceae |
Alyxia sp. |
toben |
10 |
40 |
13 |
0.52 |
0.71 |
|
Apocynaceae |
Parsonia sp. |
aenkpakpak |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Ilex sp. |
hibisha |
7 |
28 |
12 |
0.48 |
0.92 |
|
Asclepiadaceae |
Hoya sp. |
maip |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Dioscoreaceae |
Stenomeris dioscoriifolia |
tombel |
22 |
88 |
62 |
2.48 |
1.90 |
|
Ericaceae |
Dimorphanthera sp. |
wolaya |
15 |
60 |
39 |
1.56 |
1.71 |
|
Gramineae |
Racemobambos congesta |
mael |
21 |
84 |
780 |
31.2 |
39.90 |
|
Leguminosae |
Mucuna schlechteri |
dinduwm |
2 |
8 |
3 |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Liliaceae |
Geitonoplesium cymosum |
unguwruwm |
2 |
8 |
7 |
0.28 |
1.06 |
|
Monimiaceae |
Palmeria sp. |
unnamed |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.2 |
|
Monimiaceae |
Palmeria brassi |
shor |
16 |
64 |
54 |
2.16 |
2.43 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus insculpta |
sebseb |
10 |
40 |
13 |
0.52 |
0.71 |
|
Oleaceae |
Jasminum sp. |
kuwkpuw |
10 |
40 |
22 |
0.88 |
1.56 |
|
Palmae |
Calamus fuscus |
haeluwp |
2 |
8 |
2 |
0.08 |
0.28 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Freycinetia archboldiana |
ngais |
17 |
68 |
34 |
1.36 |
1.41 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Freycinetia flaviceps |
gaiya |
22 |
88 |
138 |
5.52 |
4.54 |
|
Rhamnaceae |
Rhamnus nepalensis |
waenjwaenj |
3 |
12 |
6 |
0.24 |
0.83 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Psychotria sp. |
tainjtainj |
2 |
8 |
3 |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pipturus sp. |
haeraedaepon oliy |
13 |
52 |
17 |
0.68 |
0.75 |
|
Vitaceae |
Cayratia sp. |
paerelya |
14 |
56 |
42 |
1.68 |
2.43 |
|
Vitaceae |
Cissus sp. |
kaegak |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Polypodiaceae |
Microsorium punctatum |
borok |
21 |
84 |
72 |
2.88 |
3.54 |
|
Family |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Riedelia sp. |
sulshor |
20 |
80 |
50 |
2.0 |
1.53 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia odontonema |
taenktaenk |
23 |
92 |
329 |
13.16 |
9.35 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
piyborgo |
2 |
8 |
3 |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
tedbel |
18 |
72 |
93 |
3.72 |
3.91 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Pleuranthodium sp. |
pep |
1 |
4 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Araceae |
Alocasia macrorrhiza |
mondba |
12 |
48 |
33 |
1.32 |
2.29 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
2 |
8 |
13 |
0.52 |
2.06 |
|
Compositae |
Blumea arnakidophora |
kuwmkuwm |
1 |
4 |
10 |
0.4 |
2.00 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
2 |
8 |
6 |
0.24 |
0.83 |
|
Gramineae |
Oplismenus hirtellus |
buwkbuwk |
14 |
56 |
617 |
24.68 |
41.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Indet. grass |
unnamed |
1 |
4 |
7 |
0.28 |
1.4 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
5 |
20 |
58 |
2.32 |
5.58 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Poikilogyne sp. |
magiliym |
2 (2) |
8 (8) |
3 (3) |
0.12 |
0.44 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Dendrobium sp. |
pondiyp |
18 |
72 |
56 |
2.24 |
2.42 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Phymatopteris albidosquamata |
aenksuwp |
10 |
40 |
24 |
0.96 |
1.57 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus ferdinandi |
deraen-momoniyl |
2 |
8 |
15 |
0.6 |
2.08 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus moluccanus |
hezaembul |
11 |
44 |
22 |
0.88 |
1.54 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
4 |
16 |
20 |
0.8 |
2.53 |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
woluwmsaeren |
2 |
8 |
133 |
5.32 |
18.42 |
|
Urticaceae |
Elatostema sp. |
woluwmsaeren |
12 |
48 |
643 |
25.72 |
65.12 |
LIST 2 THE COMPOSITION OF SWAMPLAND COMMUNITIES
(Data from 50, 1m2 quadrat counts).
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus archboldii |
meshmesh |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Woodsiaceae |
Lunathyrium japonicum |
tuwmoktay |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0.06 |
0.42 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Monimiaceae |
Palmeria brassii |
shor |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae |
Coix lacryma-jobi |
holor |
1 |
2 |
10 |
0.20 |
1.41 |
|
Gramineae |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
2 |
4 |
3 |
0.06 |
0.31 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum robustum |
mokombez |
2 |
4 |
3 |
0.06 |
0.31 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
9 |
18 |
31 |
0.62 |
1.74 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
8 |
16 |
63 |
1.26 |
4.11 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
9 |
18 |
36 |
0.72 |
1.92 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
11 |
22 |
69 |
1.38 |
3.75 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
iriyduwliy |
2 |
4 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.59 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Cyperus sp. |
huwguwp |
2 |
4 |
14 |
0.28 |
1.60 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Eleocharis sphacelata |
hurinj |
3 |
9 |
21 |
0.42 |
1.76 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
17 |
34 |
117 |
2.34 |
4.36 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga melanosperma |
dunguwlumb |
6 |
12 |
73 |
1.46 |
5.18 |
|
Gramineae |
Agrostis avenacea |
dayngeltay |
1 |
2 |
13 |
0.26 |
1.84 |
|
Gramineae |
Garnotia stricta |
buwkbuwk |
3 |
6 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.59 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
45 |
90 |
3960 |
79.2 |
126.80 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
11 |
22 |
722 |
14.44 |
45.17 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
39 |
78 |
5865 |
117.3 |
165.09 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia sp. |
obol-oliy |
26 |
52 |
6607 |
132.14 |
165.05 |
|
Gramineae |
Panicum paludosum |
unnamed |
6 |
12 |
374 |
7.48 |
28.71 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
3 |
6 |
10 |
0.20 |
0.86 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
5 |
10 |
18 |
0.36 |
1.26 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
3 |
6 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.52 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Phymatopteris albidosquamata |
aenksuwp |
2 |
4 |
3 |
0.06 |
0.31 |
|
Urticaceae |
Elatostema sp. |
woluwmsaeren |
1 |
2 |
7 |
0.14 |
0.99 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
14 |
28 |
78 |
1.56 |
3.47 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Cruciferae |
Nasturtium officinale |
kuwmba |
2 |
4 |
242 |
4.84 |
23.97 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
41 |
82 |
2251 |
45.02 |
58.27 |
LIST 3 THE COMPOSITION OF TARO GARDENS
(Data from 32, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
5 |
16 |
5 |
0.16 |
0.37 |
|
Lauraceae * |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.13 |
0.42 |
|
Melastomataceae * |
Melastoma polyntum |
molmol |
2 |
6 |
2 |
0.06 |
0.25 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus microdictya* |
pakpak |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Moraceae * |
Ficus iodotricha |
ponjip |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Maesa sp. |
paerep |
7 |
22 |
12 |
0.38 |
0.98 |
|
Piperaceae * |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
15 |
47 |
63 |
1.97 |
3.52 |
|
Saurauiaceae * |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
5 |
12 |
27 |
0.84 |
3.15 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
14 |
44 |
32 |
1.00 |
1.63 |
|
Urticaceae |
Maoutia sp. |
inom |
2 |
6 |
3 |
0.09 |
0.39 |
|
Urticaceae * |
Cypholophus sp. |
tuwmuwaengael |
5 |
16 |
13 |
0.41 |
1.32 |
|
Urticaceae * |
Pipturus sp. |
hung |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea sp. |
kolmaen |
6 |
19 |
23 |
0.72 |
2.39 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
6 |
19 |
13 |
0.41 |
1.07 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia odontonema |
taenktaenk |
16 |
50 |
52 |
1.63 |
2.64 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
14 |
44 |
40 |
1.25 |
1.74 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
14 |
44 |
42 |
1.31 |
1.91 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
19 |
59 |
94 |
2.94 |
3.76 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
24 |
75 |
114 |
3.56 |
4.65 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
3 |
10 |
17 |
0.53 |
1.76 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
6 |
19 |
17 |
0.53 |
1.59 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
4 |
13 |
29 |
0.91 |
3.51 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
6 |
19 |
7 |
0.22 |
0.49 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
3 |
7 |
46 |
1.44 |
7.59 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
9 |
28 |
59 |
1.84 |
4.11 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
12 |
38 |
52 |
1.63 |
2.99 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
1 |
3 |
2 |
0.06 | |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Solanaceae |
Solanum americanum |
suw-taguwt |
7 |
22 |
14 |
0.44 |
1.16 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
27 |
84 |
252 |
7.88 |
8.10 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.13 |
0.42 |
|
Amaranthaceae |
Amaranthus cruentus |
paluw |
17 |
53 |
81 |
2.53 |
3.63 |
|
Araceae |
Colocasia esculenta |
ma |
32 |
100 |
357 |
11.16 |
5.41 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
8 |
25 |
18 |
0.56 |
1.05 |
|
Cruciferae |
Nasturtium officinale |
kuwmba |
1 |
3 |
19 |
0.59 |
3.36 |
|
Cruciferae |
Nasturtium schlechteri |
taguwt |
3 |
7 |
12 |
0.38 |
1.62 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Cucumis sativus |
laek |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Cucurbita maxima |
pompkin |
4 |
13 |
4 |
0.13 |
0.34 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
2 |
6 |
2 |
0.06 |
0.25 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
|
Malvaceae |
Hibiscus manihot |
huwshiy |
2 |
6 |
14 |
0.44 |
1.88 |
|
Solanaceae |
Lycopersicon esculentum |
tomasow |
1 |
3 |
1 |
0.03 |
0.18 |
LIST 4 THE COMPOSITION OF ROCKLAND COMMUNITIES
(Data from 10, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family nameStandard deviation | |||||||
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
5 |
50 |
6 |
0.6 |
0.70 |
|
Sapindaceae * |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Pteridium aquilinum von wightianum |
pukuwmb |
8 |
80 |
18 |
1.8 |
1.55 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus archboldii |
meshmesh |
1 |
10 |
2 |
1.2 |
0.63 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Gleicheniaceae |
Dicranopteris linearis |
saezuwp |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Anacardiaceae |
Rhus caudata |
kishwomb |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
Rhamnaceae |
Rhamnus nepalensis |
waenjwaenj |
2 |
20 |
4 |
0.4 |
0.97 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
4 |
40 |
5 |
0.5 |
0.71 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Polypodiaceae |
Microsorum punctatum |
borok |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Gramineae |
Eulalia cf. Leptostachys |
dinshor |
9 |
90 |
65 |
6.5 |
2.72 |
|
Gramineae |
Imperata conferta |
senz |
9 |
90 |
62 |
6.2 |
6.53 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
Lindsaeaceae |
Sphenomeris chinensis |
showmaychit |
1 |
10 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.32 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Spathoglottis grandiflora |
pondiyp |
7 |
70 |
13 |
1.3 |
1.25 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Spathoglottis parviflora |
tombshombiy |
6 |
60 |
34 |
3.4 |
5.55 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Spathoglottis plicata |
pondiyp |
6 |
60 |
9 |
0.9 |
0.99 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Phymatopteris albidosquamata |
aenksuwp |
4 |
40 |
4 |
0.4 |
0.52 |
|
Guttiferae |
Hypericum sp. |
unnamed |
6 |
60 |
14 |
1.4 |
1.58 |
LIST 5 THE COMPOSITION OF MIXED HOUSEYARD GARDENS
(Data from 42, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Lauraceae * |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Urticaceae * |
Pipturus sp. |
hung |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Woodsiaceae |
Lunathyrium japonicum |
tuwmoktay |
14 |
33 |
23 |
0.55 |
1.02 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum robustum |
mokombez |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Amaranthaceae |
Amaranthus sp. |
wel-komb |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Amaranthaceae |
Iresine herbstii |
mbolin-komnol |
6 |
14 |
12 |
0.29 |
0.89 |
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
21 |
50 |
78 |
1.86 |
3.08 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
12 |
29 |
44 |
1.05 |
2.28 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
22 |
52 |
81 |
1.93 |
2.88 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
29 |
69 |
177 |
4.21 |
6.33 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
10 |
24 |
19 |
0.45 |
1.15 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Compositae |
Tithonia sp. |
flowa |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
31 |
74 |
105 |
2.50 |
2.22 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
5 |
12 |
17 |
0.41 |
1.61 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
3 |
7 |
19 |
0.45 |
1.95 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
13 |
31 |
40 |
0.95 |
2.34 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
25 |
60 |
96 |
2.29 |
3.13 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
13 |
31 |
30 |
0.71 |
1.50 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
24 |
57 |
115 |
2.74 |
3.32 |
|
Leguminosae |
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
Leguminosae |
Senna septemitrionalis |
buruman |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
9 |
21 |
28 |
0.67 |
1.48 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
29 |
69 |
153 |
3.64 |
6.25 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
7 |
17 |
22 |
0.52 |
1.63 |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Indet. |
unnamed |
3 |
7 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.45 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
5 |
12 |
12 |
0.29 |
0.81 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Solanaceae |
Solanum americanum |
suw-taguwt |
5 |
12 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
26 |
62 |
101 |
2.41 |
2.69 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
iyb-taziy |
28 |
67 |
181 |
4.31 |
4.81 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
24 |
57 |
65 |
1.55 |
1.90 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
13 |
31 |
26 |
0.62 |
1.04 |
|
Alliaceae |
Allium cepa |
enyun |
3 |
7 |
29 |
0.69 |
3.29 |
|
Amaranthaceae |
Amaranthus cruentus |
paluw |
5 |
12 |
29 |
0.69 |
3.42 |
|
Araceae |
Colocasia esculenta |
ma |
3 |
7 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
|
Araceae |
Xanthosoma sagittifolium |
mbolin-ma |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
3 |
7 |
15 |
0.36 |
1.51 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
28 |
67 |
78 |
1.86 |
2.43 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Cucurbita maxima |
pompkin |
16 |
38 |
23 |
0.55 |
0.89 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Sechium edule |
shuga |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum officinarum |
wol |
13 |
31 |
15 |
0.36 |
0.58 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
39 |
93 |
184 |
4.38 |
1.83 |
|
Gramineae |
Zea mays |
kwaliyl |
2 |
5 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.55 |
|
Leguminosae |
Lablab niger |
sokol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
5 |
12 |
23 |
0.55 |
1.69 |
|
Liliaceae |
Cordyline fruticosa |
aegop |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Musaceae |
Musa hort. var. |
diyr |
3 |
7 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Coffea arabica |
copiy |
4 |
10 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.30 |
|
Solanaceae |
Lycopersicon esculentum |
tomasow |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
LIST 6 THE COMPOSITION OF SWEET POTATO GARDENS CULTIVATED ONCE
(Data from 42, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Araliaceae * |
Harmsiopanax ingens |
mak |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Macaranga pleioneura |
shongaen |
3 |
7 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Macaranga sp. |
bobae |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Piperaceae * |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
3 |
7 |
6 |
0.14 |
0.65 |
|
Sapindaceae * |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Saurauiaceae * |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Prasponia sp. |
wil-waen |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
7 |
17 |
10 |
0.24 |
0.58 |
|
Urticaceae * |
Maoutia sp. |
inom |
5 |
12 |
12 |
0.29 |
1.00 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Cyatheacea |
Cyathea sp. |
kolmaen |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Cyatheaceae * |
Cyathea magna |
hongok |
3 |
7 |
10 |
0.24 |
1.25 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
3 |
7 |
6 |
0.14 |
0.65 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia odontonema |
taenktaenk |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.37 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
22 |
52 |
85 |
2.02 |
4.25 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
3 |
7 |
9 |
0.21 |
0.98 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
20 |
48 |
75 |
1.79 |
4.17 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
36 |
86 |
196 |
4.67 |
8.25 |
|
Compositae |
Blumea arnakidophora |
kuwmkuwm |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
21 |
50 |
49 |
1.17 |
1.72 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
3 |
7 |
6 |
0.14 |
0.57 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
9 |
21 |
15 |
0.36 |
0.76 |
|
Compositae |
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.46 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
24 |
57 |
74 |
1.76 |
2.85 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Cyperaceae |
Scleria ciliaris |
waelturuwk |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
5 |
12 |
9 |
0.21 |
0.68 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
11 |
26 |
26 |
0.62 |
1.25 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
9 |
21 |
24 |
0.57 |
1.31 |
|
Gramineae |
Oplismenus hirtellus |
buwkbuwk |
2 |
5 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
12 |
29 |
54 |
1.29 |
2.92 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
16 |
38 |
44 |
1.05 |
1.71 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
11 |
26 |
30 |
0.71 |
1.52 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus scutellariodes |
kaerobkaerob |
12 |
29 |
24 |
0.57 |
1.36 |
|
Leguminosae |
Trifolium repens |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Poikilogyne sp. |
magiliym |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
9 |
21 |
48 |
1.14 |
3.80 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
30 |
72 |
225 |
5.36 |
8.40 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
5 |
12 |
92 |
2.19 |
9.66 |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Veronica sp. |
unnamed |
2 |
5 |
10 |
0.24 |
1.17 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
7 |
17 |
19 |
0.45 |
1.63 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Solanaceae |
Solanum americanum |
suw-taguwt |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
26 |
62 |
150 |
3.57 |
5.98 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
6 |
14 |
12 |
0.29 |
0.81 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
19 |
45 |
67 |
1.60 |
2.69 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
42 |
100 |
663 |
15.79 |
7.38 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica chinensis |
kwa |
1 |
2 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.62 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
3 |
7 |
7 |
0.17 |
0.79 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum officinarum |
wol |
5 |
12 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
6 |
14 |
16 |
0.38 |
1.15 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
3 |
7 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
|
Liliaceae |
Cordyline fruticosa |
aegop |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
10 |
24 |
20 |
0.48 |
1.17 |
LIST 7 THE COMPOSITION OF SWEET POTATO GARDENS CULTIVATED FROM TWO TO FOUR TIMES
(Data from 42, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Euphorbiaceae * |
Macaranga pleioneura |
shongaen |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Lauraceae * |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Melastomataceae * |
Melastoma polyntum |
molmol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Sapindaceae * |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
6 |
14 |
8 |
0.19 |
0.51 |
|
Saurauiaceae * |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
4 |
10 |
16 |
0.38 |
2.01 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
2 |
5 |
8 |
0.19 |
1.09 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum robustum |
mokombez |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
3 |
7 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.26 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
25 |
60 |
82 |
1.95 |
2.85 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
27 |
64 |
82 |
1.95 |
2.79 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
41 |
98 |
220 |
5.24 |
6.21 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
27 |
64 |
113 |
2.69 |
3.73 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
4 |
10 |
13 |
0.31 |
1.20 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
14 |
33 |
24 |
0.57 |
1.02 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
9 |
21 |
26 |
0.62 |
1.77 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
8 |
19 |
20 |
0.48 |
1.19 |
|
Gramineae |
Axonopus affinis |
mbolin-bol |
4 |
10 |
16 |
0.38 |
1.32 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
20 |
48 |
84 |
2.0 |
3.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
4 |
10 |
13 |
0.31 |
1.07 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
13 |
31 |
52 |
1.24 |
2.35 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
33 |
79 |
149 |
3.55 |
4.78 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
12 |
29 |
36 |
0.86 |
1.97 |
|
Leguminosae |
Trifolium repens |
unnamed |
2 |
5 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.43 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Lindsaeaceae |
Sphenomeris chinensis |
showmaychit |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
16 |
38 |
197 |
4.69 |
12.13 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
28 |
67 |
133 |
3.17 |
4.57 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
3 |
7 |
14 |
0.33 |
1.60 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Hedyotis sp. |
mondkaend-oliy |
2 |
5 |
40 |
0.95 |
4.36 |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Veronica sp. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
7 |
0.17 |
1.08 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
2 |
5 |
8 |
0.19 |
1.09 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Solanaceae |
Solanum americanum |
suw-taguwt |
5 |
12 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.33 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
14 |
33 |
67 |
1.60 |
3.53 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
6 |
14 |
14 |
0.33 |
0.90 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
26 |
62 |
108 |
2.57 |
4.00 |
|
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.46 | |
|
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.46 | |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
3 |
7 |
11 |
0.26 |
1.27 |
|
Araceae |
Colocasia esculenta |
ma |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
42 |
100 |
753 |
17.93 |
9.26 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica chinensis |
kwa |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Cucurbita maxima |
pompkin |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum officinarum |
wol |
4 |
10 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.30 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
14 |
33 |
39 |
0.93 |
1.84 |
|
Gramineae |
Zea mays |
kwaliyl |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
1 |
2 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.62 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
4 |
10 |
8 |
0.19 |
0.63 |
LIST 8 THE COMPOSITION OF SWEET POTATO GARDENS CULTIVATED FIVE OR MORE TIMES
(Data from 42, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
22 |
52 |
53 |
1.26 |
1.74 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
8 |
10 |
20 |
0.48 |
1.25 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
23 |
55 |
52 |
1.24 |
1.53 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
27 |
64 |
128 |
3.05 |
3.77 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
19 |
45 |
41 |
0.97 |
1.52 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
2 |
5 |
7 |
0.17 |
0.76 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
8 |
19 |
13 |
0.31 |
0.87 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
9 |
21 |
25 |
0.60 |
1.43 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
27 |
64 |
149 |
3.55 |
4.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Digitaria violascens |
haemnom |
5 |
12 |
16 |
0.38 |
1.25 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
4 |
10 |
13 |
0.31 |
1.24 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
4 |
10 |
8 |
0.19 |
0.71 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
5 |
12 |
11 |
0.26 |
0.77 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
4 |
10 |
10 |
0.24 |
0.98 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
41 |
98 |
518 |
12.33 |
10.85 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
5 |
12 |
11 |
0.26 |
0.83 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
29 |
69 |
1209 |
28.79 |
59.97 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
25 |
60 |
249 |
5.93 |
15.21 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
8 |
19 |
13 |
0.31 |
0.78 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
2 |
5 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.63 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
17 |
40 |
58 |
1.38 |
2.59 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
42 |
100 |
868 |
20.67 |
9.04 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
4 |
10 |
6 |
0.14 |
0.47 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.37 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
22 |
52 |
53 |
1.26 |
1.74 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
8 |
10 |
20 |
0.48 |
1.25 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
23 |
55 |
52 |
1.24 |
1.53 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
27 |
64 |
128 |
3.05 |
3.77 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
19 |
45 |
41 |
0.97 |
1.52 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
2 |
5 |
7 |
0.17 |
0.76 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
8 |
19 |
13 |
0.31 |
0.87 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
9 |
21 |
25 |
0.60 |
1.43 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
27 |
64 |
149 |
3.55 |
4.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Digitaria violascens |
haemnom |
5 |
12 |
16 |
0.38 |
1.25 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
4 |
10 |
13 |
0.31 |
1.24 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
4 |
10 |
8 |
0.19 |
0.71 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
5 |
12 |
11 |
0.26 |
0.77 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
4 |
10 |
10 |
0.24 |
0.98 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
41 |
98 |
518 |
12.33 |
10.85 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
5 |
12 |
11 |
0.26 |
0.83 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.15 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
29 |
69 |
1209 |
28.79 |
59.97 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
25 |
60 |
249 |
5.93 |
15.21 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
8 |
19 |
13 |
0.31 |
0.78 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
2 |
5 |
5 |
0.12 |
0.63 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
17 |
40 |
58 |
1.38 |
2.59 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
42 |
100 |
868 |
20.67 |
9.04 |
|
Cruciferae |
Brassica oleracea |
cobaj |
4 |
10 |
6 |
0.14 |
0.47 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
2 |
5 |
2 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Leguminosae |
Phaseolus vulgaris |
taeshaen-pebway |
3 |
7 |
4 |
0.10 |
0.37 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
LIST 9 THE COMPOSITION OF RECENTLY ABANDONED GARDENS
(Data from 50, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Lauraceae * |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Melastoma polyntum |
molmol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Moraceae * |
Ficus microdictya |
pakpak |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Cyatheaceae * |
Cyathea magna |
hongok |
2 |
4 |
4 |
0.08 |
0.45 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Pneumatopteris sp. |
tiyptiyp |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Woodsiaceae |
Lunathyrium japonicum |
tuwmoktay |
8 |
16 |
28 |
0.56 |
1.50 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Gleicheniaceae |
Dicranopteris linearis |
saezuwp |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
4 |
8 |
4 |
0.08 |
0.27 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
3 |
6 |
8 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
30 |
60 |
249 |
4.98 |
6.68 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
5 |
10 |
20 |
0.4 |
1.58 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
34 |
68 |
270 |
5.4 |
6.81 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
42 |
84 |
580 |
11.6 |
14.63 |
|
Compositae |
Blumea arnakidophora |
kuwmkuwm |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
iriyduwliy |
16 |
32 |
57 |
1.14 |
2.56 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
4 |
8 |
8 |
0.16 |
0.62 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
11 |
22 |
37 |
0.74 |
2.38 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Scleria ciliaris |
waelturuwk |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
14 |
28 |
53 |
1.06 |
3.07 |
|
Gramineae |
Garnotia stricta |
buwkbuwk |
2 |
4 |
23 |
0.46 |
2.98 |
|
Gramineae |
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.85 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
16 |
32 |
87 |
1.74 |
7.63 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
9 |
18 |
327 |
6.54 |
21.45 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Gramineae |
Panicum paludosum |
mombiltay |
3 |
6 |
7 |
0.14 |
0.64 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
19 |
38 |
232 |
4.64 |
10.84 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
34 |
68 |
186 |
3.72 |
5.78 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
10 |
20 |
20 |
0.16 |
0.62 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus scutellariodes |
kaerobkaerob |
3 |
6 |
9 |
0.18 |
0.80 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
4 |
8 |
15 |
0.30 |
1.71 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
3 |
6 |
43 |
0.86 |
5.66 |
|
Leguminosae |
Trifolium repens |
unnamed |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
Melastomataceae * |
Poikilogyne sp. |
magiliym |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
45 |
90 |
717 |
14.34 |
40.27 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
13 |
26 |
158 |
3.16 |
9.17 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
2 |
4 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.72 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
10 |
20 |
38 |
0.76 |
2.21 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
38 |
76 |
143 |
2.86 |
2.65 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
3 |
6 |
4 |
0.08 |
0.34 |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
48 |
96 |
500 |
10.0 |
6.26 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum officinarum |
wol |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Liliaceae |
Cordyline fruticosa |
aegop |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
11 |
22 |
136 |
2.72 |
7.03 |
LIST 10 THE COMPOSITION OF LONGER ABANDONED GARDENS
(Data from 50, 1m2 quadrat counts. * = seedlings)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Lauraceae * |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Sapindaceae * |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Ulmaceae * |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
3 |
6 |
8 |
0.16 |
0.77 |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Pneumatopteris sp. |
tiyptiyp |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
7 |
14 |
25 |
0.50 |
1.74 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Hypolepsis brooksiae |
yablaengay |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Compositae |
Mikania sp. |
kulkulya |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.20 |
|
Goodeniaceae |
Scaevola oppositifolia |
aymonk |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae * |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
3 |
6 |
6 |
0.12 |
0.52 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
5 |
10 |
36 |
0.72 |
2.65 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
15 |
30 |
39 |
0.78 |
1.88 |
|
Commelinaceae |
Commelina diffusa |
hombiyhaem |
7 |
14 |
21 |
0.42 |
1.28 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
24 |
48 |
56 |
1.12 |
1.99 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
30 |
60 |
115 |
2.3 |
4.15 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
17 |
34 |
77 |
1.54 |
3.91 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
4 |
8 |
9 |
0.18 |
0.66 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
6 |
12 |
12 |
0.24 |
0.82 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
10 |
20 |
23 |
0.46 |
1.30 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Scleria ciliaris |
waelturuwk |
6 |
12 |
12 |
0.24 |
0.77 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
22 |
44 |
270 |
5.4 |
12.24 |
|
Gramineae |
Axonopus affinis |
mbolin-bol |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Gramineae |
Coix lachryma-jobi |
holor |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Gramineae |
Digitaria violascens |
haemnon/ |
4 |
8 |
10 |
0.2 |
0.83 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. casts in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total casts) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants m-2 (cast -1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Garnotia stricta |
buwkbuwk |
3 |
6 |
51 |
1.02 |
4.18 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
8 |
16 |
222 |
4.44 |
14.41 |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
50 |
100 |
10040 |
200.8 |
103.85 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
6 |
12 |
262 |
5.24 |
21.48 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
40 |
80 |
695 |
13.9 |
20.26 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
26 |
52 |
155 |
3.1 |
5.90 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
21 |
42 |
56 |
1.12 |
1.92 |
|
Gramineae |
Indet. |
unnamed |
8 |
16 |
118 |
2.36 |
9.28 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus scutellariodes |
kaerobkaerob |
5 |
10 |
36 |
0.72 |
2.65 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
8 |
16 |
26 |
0.52 |
1.36 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
5 |
10 |
55 |
1.1 |
6.01 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Eria javanica |
unnamed |
2 |
4 |
33 |
0.66 |
3.90 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
15 |
30 |
187 |
3.74 |
13.54 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
10 |
20 |
140 |
2.8 |
9.03 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
7 |
14 |
21 |
0.42 |
1.20 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Hedyotis sp. |
mondkaend-oliy |
1 |
2 |
8 |
0.16 |
1.13 |
|
Scrophulariaceae |
Veronica sp. |
unnamed |
3 |
6 |
12 |
0.24 |
1.42 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
4 |
8 |
8 |
0.16 |
0.58 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
|
Tiliaceae |
Triumfetta sp. |
kondoliyp |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
2 |
4 |
5 |
0.10 |
0.58 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
iyb-taziy |
9 |
18 |
117 |
2.34 |
9.53 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
7 |
14 |
146 |
2.92 |
8.48 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
29 |
58 |
140 |
2.8 |
3.77 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
1 |
2 |
2 |
0.04 |
0.28 |
|
Convolvulaceae |
Ipomoea batatas |
hokay |
11 |
22 |
40 |
0.80 |
2.17 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria palmifolia |
kot |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0.02 |
0.14 |
LIST 11 THE COMPOSITION OF CANE GRASSLAND
(Data from 20, 100m2 quadrat counts. *numbers in brackets = number of total comprising sapling/seedling trees)
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Ilex spicata |
hibish |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Araliaceae |
Harmsiopanax ingens |
mak |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Araliaceae |
Mackinlaya sp. |
kolomb |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera chaetorachis |
haegaes-hebhond |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes |
11 (9) |
55 (45) |
25 (21) |
1.25 |
2.45 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes-munduwm |
15 (14) |
75 (70) |
44 (35) |
2.2 |
2.53 |
|
Asclepiadaceae |
Hoya sp. |
maip |
1 |
5 |
4 |
0.20 |
0.89 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Caldcluvia papuana |
huwshiy |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Schizomeria sp. |
maip |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Antidesma sp. |
haemaemtaenk |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
7 (5) |
0.35 |
0.81 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Breynia cernua |
enjat |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion pomiferum |
haenshor |
2 |
10 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.70 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion sp. |
mul |
9 (9) |
45 (45) |
28 (27) |
1.4 |
2.06 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
6 (6) |
30 (30) |
7 (7) |
0.35 |
0.59 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga pleioneura |
shongaen |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
en |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
bobae |
5 (3) |
25 (15) |
7 (3) |
0.35 |
0.67 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus sp. |
kol |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus sp. |
digil |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Fagaceae |
Lithocarpus rufovillosus |
kaeriyl |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
11 (11) |
0.55 |
2.24 |
|
Fagaceae |
Nothofagus starkenborghii |
pel-port |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Gesneriaceae |
Cyrtandra sp. |
polpol |
1) |
11 |
55 |
31 |
1.55 |
|
Haloragidaceae |
Gunnera macrophylla |
bat-haen |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cinnamomum sp. |
mat |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
6 (6) |
0.30 |
0.98 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya densiflora |
waengum |
1 |
5 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.67 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
4 (3) |
20 (15) |
5 (4) |
0.25 |
0.55 |
|
Lauraceae |
Litsea guppyi |
mahaep |
1 |
5 |
8 |
0.4 |
1.79 |
|
Loganiaceae |
Geniostoma sp. |
towmown-gonk |
7 |
35 |
25 |
1.25 |
3.35 |
|
Loranthaceae |
Indet. |
mondiyt |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Beccarianthus sp. |
hombom |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
5 (5) |
0.25 |
0.55 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Melastomataceae |
Medinella sp. |
orol |
5 (3) |
25 (15) |
7 (5) |
0.35 |
0.67 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Melastoma polyntum |
molmol |
8 |
40 |
11 |
0.55 |
0.83 |
|
Meliaceae |
Chisocheton ceramicum |
shiyp |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus iodotricha |
ponjip |
16 (12) |
80 (60) |
46 (32) |
2.3 |
2.08 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus microdictya |
pakpak |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
5 (5) |
0.25 |
0.72 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus mollior |
pil |
13 (13) |
65 (65) |
31 (29) |
1.55 |
1.85 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus sp. |
hobay |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus wassa |
in-shindel |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Maesa sp. |
paerep |
9 (8) |
45 (40) |
14 (13) |
0.7 |
0.98 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Rapanea sp. |
hobaen |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
5 (5) |
0.25 |
0.55 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Decaspermum sp. |
magumb |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Psidium sp. |
dobay |
6 (5) |
30 (25) |
20 (17) |
1.0 |
2.10 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Syzygium sp. |
piyp-taguwt |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Xanthomyrtus sp. |
pongol |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Ochnaceae |
Schuurmansia henningsii |
op |
19 (18) |
95 (90) |
156 (132) |
7.8 |
11.44 |
|
Oleandraceae |
Nephrolepsis biserrata |
haegak |
1 |
5 |
5 |
0.25 |
1.12 |
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
11 |
55 |
25 |
1.25 |
1.89 |
|
Pittosporaceae |
Pittosporum sp. |
nemb |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
3 (3) |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Proteaceae |
Helicia oreadum |
dorok |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Timonius belensis |
homay |
3 (2) |
15 (10) |
3 (2) |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Timonius sp. |
komb |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Rutaceae |
Evodiella cauliflora |
huwmb |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum sp. |
taygel |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Sabiaceae |
Meliosma pinnata |
sabok |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
3 (3) |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Ganophyllum sp. |
kuwliy |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Garcinia sp. |
munkiyriyt |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
14 (9) |
70 (45) |
32 (24) |
1.6 |
1.79 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget-long |
5 (4) |
25 (20) |
5 (4) |
0.25 |
0.44 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
oljomb |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Symplocaceae |
Symplocos cochinchinensis |
laenjlaenj |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Theaceae |
Eurya longisepala |
nenjay |
5 (5) |
25 (25) |
9 (9) |
0.45 |
0.89 |
|
Ulmaceae |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.10 |
0.45 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
tuwmuwaengael |
6 |
30 |
10 |
0.5 |
0.89 |
|
Urticaceae |
Maoutia sp. |
inom |
11 |
55 |
24 |
1.2 |
1.64 |
|
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 | |
|
HENK TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Aspleniaceae |
Polystichum keysserianum |
shumbuwhon |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea magna |
hongok |
18 (16) |
90 (80) |
117 (83) |
5.85 |
4.88 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea pycnoneiva |
showai |
6 (6) |
30 (30) |
8 (7) |
0.4 |
0.68 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Dicksonia grandis |
kabiyp |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea sp. |
kolmaen |
5 |
25 |
11 |
0.55 |
1.15 |
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Pteridium aquilinum von wightianum |
pukuwmb |
4 |
20 |
16 |
0.8 |
2.31 |
|
Lycopodiaceae |
Lycopodiella cernua |
iydaeptael |
4 |
20 |
15 |
0.75 |
2.27 |
|
Marattiaceae |
Marattia sp. |
omak |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus archboldii |
meshmesh |
20 |
100 |
652 |
32.6 |
33.48 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Pneumatopteris sp. |
tiyptiyp |
8 |
40 |
14 |
0.7 |
1.08 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
7 |
35 |
42 |
2.1 |
4.06 |
|
Woodsiaceae |
Lunathyrium japonicum |
tuwmoktay |
6 |
30 |
11 |
0.55 |
0.95 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Hypolepsis brooksiae |
yablaengay |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Gleicheniaceae |
Dicranopteris linearis |
saezuwp |
15 |
75 |
48 |
2.4 |
2.11 |
|
Lycopodiaceae |
Lycopodium volubile |
aesuwpaesuwp |
4 |
20 |
20 |
1.0 |
2.32 |
|
AENK (SCREW-PINES) | |||||||
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus julianettii |
aenk |
7 (5) |
35 (25) |
17 (9) |
0.85 |
1.42 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Anacardiaceae |
Rhus caudata |
kishwomb |
5 |
25 |
11 |
0.55 |
1.10 |
|
Apocynaceae |
Alyxia sp. |
toben |
4 |
20 |
7 |
0.35 |
0.75 |
|
Apocynaceae |
Parsonia sp. |
aenkpakpak |
5 |
25 |
9 |
0.45 |
0.83 |
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Ilex sp. |
hibishya |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Compositae |
Mikania sp. |
kulkulya |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Melothria belensis |
homat |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Zehneria cissybium |
aendluwpluwp |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Dioscoreaceae |
Stenomeris dioscoriifolia |
tombel |
4 |
20 |
10 |
0.5 |
1.24 |
|
Ericaceae |
Dimorphanthera sp. |
wolaya |
12 |
60 |
43 |
2.15 |
2.93 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Racemobambos congesta |
mael |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Liliaceae |
Geitonoplesium cymosum |
unguwruwm |
3 |
15 |
23 |
1.15 |
2.85 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus insculpta |
sebseb |
6 |
30 |
23 |
1.15 |
2.96 |
|
Oleaceae |
Jasminum sp. |
kuwkpuw |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Pandanaceae |
Freycinetia flaviceps |
gaiya |
3 |
15 |
6 |
0.3 |
0.92 |
|
Rhamnaceae |
Rhamnus nepalensis |
waenjwaenj |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Psychotria sp. |
tainjtainj |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pipturus sp. |
haeraedaep |
6 |
30 |
9 |
0.45 |
0.95 |
|
Vitaceae |
Cayratia sp. |
paerelya |
3 |
15 |
9 |
0.45 |
1.28 |
|
Indet. |
unnamed |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 | |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
20 |
100 |
573 |
28.65 |
9.55 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum robustum |
mokombez |
7 |
35 |
45 |
2.25 |
4.97 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Polypodiaceae |
Microsorum punctatum |
borok |
9 |
45 |
22 |
1.10 |
1.77 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Microsorum sp. |
unnamed |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia odontonema |
taenktaenk |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
piyborgo |
5 |
25 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.44 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Riedelia sp. |
sulshor |
5 |
25 |
16 |
0.8 |
1.88 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
4 |
20 |
13 |
0.65 |
1.84 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
15 |
75 |
72 |
3.6 |
3.09 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
17 |
85 |
83 |
4.15 |
3.38 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
18 |
90 |
167 |
8.35 |
6.47 |
|
Compositae |
Blumea arnakidophora |
kuwmkuwm |
16 |
80 |
102 |
5.1 |
8.92 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
iriyduwliy |
9 |
45 |
37 |
1.85 |
2.31 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
2 |
10 |
4 |
0.20 |
0.62 |
|
Compositae |
Erigeron sumatrensis |
iriywaenj |
2 |
10 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.79 |
|
Compositae |
Indet. |
waembuw-lol |
1 |
5 |
14 |
0.7 |
3.13 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
7 |
35 |
43 |
2.15 |
4.58 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Scleria ciliaris |
waelturuwk |
5 |
25 |
48 |
2.4 |
5.13 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
3 |
15 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.72 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
7 |
35 |
44 |
2.2 |
7.11 |
|
Family name |
Plant name: |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
2 |
10 |
23 |
1.15 |
3.96 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia hexandra |
obol |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.10 |
0.45 |
|
Gramineae |
Oplismenus hirtellus |
buwkbuwk |
6 |
30 |
80 |
4.0 |
11.01 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
5 |
25 |
78 |
3.9 |
8.20 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum sp. |
holiygiyn |
2 |
10 |
7 |
0.35 |
1.35 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
6 |
30 |
12 |
0.6 |
1.23 |
|
Juncaceae |
Juncus effusus |
dunguwlumb |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus scutellariodes |
kaerobkaerob |
12 |
60 |
137 |
6.85 |
8.38 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
15 |
75 |
167 |
8.35 |
12.86 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
2 |
10 |
14 |
0.7 |
2.90 |
|
Lindsaeaceae |
Sphenomeris chinensis |
showmaychit |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Poikilogyne sp. |
magiliym |
14 |
70 |
81 |
4.05 |
4.62 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Spathoglottis plicata |
pondiyp |
12 |
60 |
55 |
2.75 |
4.46 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
4 |
20 |
43 |
2.15 |
5.76 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
2 |
10 |
6 |
0.30 |
1.13 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Phymatopteris albidosquamata |
aenksuwp |
7 |
35 |
44 |
2.2 |
5.12 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus moluccanus |
hezaembul |
12 |
60 |
21 |
1.05 |
1.40 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
5 |
25 |
15 |
0.75 |
1.89 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
14 |
70 |
104 |
5.2 |
6.61 |
|
Tiliaceae |
Triumfetta sp. |
kondoliyp |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
8 |
40 |
118 |
5.9 |
10.92 |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
woluwmsaeren |
2 |
10 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.62 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
8 |
40 |
73 |
3.65 |
6.26 |
|
Gramineae |
Sacciolepsis indica |
unnamed |
1 |
5 |
8 |
0.40 |
1.79 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
3 |
15 |
8 |
0.4 |
1.35 |
|
Liliaceae |
Cordyline fruticosa |
aegop |
13 |
65 |
41 |
2.05 |
2.54 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
11 |
55 |
153 |
7.65 |
10.38 |
LIST 12 THE COMPOSITION OF SECONDARY FOREST
(Data from 20, 100m2 quadrat counts. *numbers in brackets = number of total comprising sapling/seedling trees)
|
Family |
Plant name |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
IYSH (TREES AND WOODY SHRUBS) | |||||||
|
Araliaceae |
Harmsiopanax ingens |
mak |
6 |
30 |
12 |
0.6 |
1.10 |
|
Araliaceae |
Mackinlaya sp. |
kolomb |
2 (1) |
10 (5) |
2 (1) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera chaetorachis |
haegaes-hebhond |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes-munduwm |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
5 (5) |
0.25 |
0.64 |
|
Araliaceae |
Schefflera sp. |
haegaes |
7 (6) |
35 (30) |
24 (20) |
1.2 |
1.99 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Caldcluvia papuana |
huwshiy |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
4 (4) |
0.2 |
0.52 |
|
Cunoniaceae |
Schizomeria sp. |
maip |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Aceratium tomentosum |
natnat |
2 (1) |
10 (5) |
3 (2) |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Elaeocarpus sp. |
tomba |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Elaeocarpaceae |
Sloanea aberrans |
wat |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Acalypha sp. |
shonon |
1 |
5 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.89 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Antidesma sp. |
haemaemtaenk |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
7 (7) |
0.35 |
0.81 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Breynia cernua |
enjat |
4 |
20 |
6 |
0.3 |
0.73 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Claoxylon ledermannii |
hayak |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
4 (4) |
0.2 |
0.41 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion sp. |
mul |
6 (5) |
30 (25) |
14 (13) |
0.70 |
1.63 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Glochidion pomiferum |
haenshor |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Homalanthus novoguineensis |
timbol |
15 (8) |
75 (40) |
52 (15) |
2.6 |
2.72 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga pleioneura |
shongaen |
5 (4) |
25 (20) |
9 (5) |
0.45 |
1.0 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
en |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
5 (5) |
0.25 |
0.72 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Macaranga sp. |
bobae |
6 (5) |
30 (25) |
10 (8) |
0.5 |
1.0 |
|
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus sp. |
kol |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Fagaceae |
Lithocarpus rufovillosus |
kaeriyl |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Fagaceae |
Nothofagus starkenborghii |
pel-port |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Gesneriaceae |
Cyrtandra sp. |
polpol |
6 |
30 |
15 |
0.75 |
1.37 |
|
Icacinaceae |
Platea excelsa |
serep |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Loganiaceae |
Fagraea sp. |
mom |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Loganiaceae |
Geniostoma sp. |
towmown-gonk |
4 |
20 |
9 |
0.45 |
1.10 |
|
Loranthaceae |
Indet. |
mondiyt |
1 |
5 |
7 |
0.35 |
1.57 |
|
Malvaceae |
Hibiscus d’albertisii |
mashor |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Family |
Plant name |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Melastomataceae |
Beccarianthus sp. |
hombom |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Melastoma polyntum |
molmol |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Meliaceae |
Chisocheton ceramicum |
shiyp |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Monimiaceae |
Anthobembix sp. |
nak |
2 |
10 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.70 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus iodotricha |
ponjip |
13 (13) |
65 (65) |
45 (44) |
2.25 |
2.69 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus megalophylla |
shuwat-pegaend |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus microdictya |
pakpak |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
6 (6) |
0.3 |
0.73 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus mollior |
pil |
5 (4) |
25 (20) |
10 (9) |
0.5 |
1.0 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus quercetorum |
in |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
4 (4) |
0.2 |
0.41 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Maesa sp. |
paerep |
10 (8) |
50 (40) |
32 (20) |
1.6 |
2.42 |
|
Myrsinaceae |
Rapanea sp. |
hobaen |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
6 (6) |
0.3 |
1.34 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Decaspermum sp. |
magumb |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.10 |
0.31 |
|
Myrtaceae |
Psidium sp. |
dobay |
3 (1) |
15 (5) |
6 (1) |
0.3 |
0.92 |
|
Ochnaceae |
Schuurmansia henningsii |
op |
5 |
25 |
15 |
0.75 |
2.25 |
|
Oleandraceae |
Nephrolepsis biserrata |
haegak |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
kongol |
11 |
55 |
197 |
9.85 |
14.52 |
|
Piperaceae |
Piper sp. |
uwk-kongol |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Pittosporaceae |
Pittosporum sp. |
nemb |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
3 (3) |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Timonius belensis |
homay |
3 (2) |
15 (10) |
4 (3) |
0.2 |
0.52 |
|
Rutaceae |
Evodiella cauliflora |
huwmb |
6 (5) |
30 (25) |
14 (10) |
0.70 |
1.17 |
|
Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum sp. |
taygel |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Dodonaea viscosa |
gwai |
4 (3) |
20 (15) |
17 (6) |
0.85 |
1.95 |
|
Sapindaceae |
Pometia pinnata |
baerel |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
maenget |
14 )12) |
70 (60) |
100 (64) |
5.0 |
7.60 |
|
Saurauiaceae |
Saurauia sp. |
oljomb |
3 (3) |
15 (15) |
3 (3) |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Symplocaceae |
Symplocos cochinchinensis |
laenjlaenj |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Theaceae |
Eurya longisepala |
nenjay |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
11 (5) |
0.55 |
1.4 |
|
Ulmaceae |
Prasponia sp. |
wil-waen |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
Ulmaceae |
Trema orientalis |
waen |
18 (6) |
90 (30) |
110 (35) |
5.5 |
5.09 |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
tuwmuwaengael |
8 |
40 |
23 |
1.15 |
1.73 |
|
Urticaceae |
Maoutia sp. |
inom |
6 |
30 |
15 |
0.75 |
1.37 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pipturus sp. |
hung |
3 |
15 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.64 |
|
Verbenaceae |
Callicarpa arborea |
kuwmkuwm |
5 |
25 |
12 |
0.6 |
1.43 |
|
Family |
Plant name |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Indet. shrub |
unnamed |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 | |
|
Indet. tree |
mund |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 | |
|
HENK (TREE FERNS) | |||||||
|
Aspleniaceae |
Polystichum keysserianum |
shumbuwhon |
3 |
15 |
10 |
0.5 |
1.28 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea sp. |
kolmaen |
8 |
40 |
36 |
1.8 |
3.82 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea macgillavrayi |
lorwalorwa |
5 (5) |
25 (25) |
13 (13) |
0.65 |
1.42 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea magna |
hongok |
19 (17) |
95 (85) |
73 (43) |
3.65 |
2.03 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Cyathea pycnoneiva |
showai |
4 (4) |
20 (20) |
4 (4) |
0.2 |
0.41 |
|
Cyatheaceae |
Dicksonia grandis |
kabiyp |
2 (2) |
10 (10) |
2 (2) |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Dennstaedtia sp. |
aguwpaguwp |
1 |
5 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.89 |
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Pteridium aquilinum von wightianum |
pukuwmb |
3 |
15 |
30 |
1.5 |
4.62 |
|
Lauraceae |
Cryptocarya laevigata |
bort |
11 (5) |
55 (25) |
34 (15) |
1.7 |
2.72 |
|
Lycopodiaceae |
Lycopodiella cernua |
iydaeptael |
1 |
5 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.67 |
|
Marattiaceae |
Marattia sp. |
omak |
3 |
15 |
7 |
0.35 |
0.99 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Cyclosorus archboldii |
meshmesh |
18 |
90 |
313 |
15.65 |
23.88 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Pneumatopteris sp. |
tiyptiyp |
11 |
55 |
80 |
4.0 |
11.48 |
|
SAEZUWP (FERNS) | |||||||
|
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Hypolepsis brooksiae |
yablaengay |
5 |
25 |
12 |
0.6 |
1.19 |
|
Gleicheniaceae |
Dicranopteris linearis |
saezuwp |
7 |
35 |
14 |
0.7 |
1.3 |
|
Thelypteridaceae |
Sphaerostephanos unitus |
teltel |
14 |
70 |
102 |
5.1 |
6.29 |
|
Woodsiacea |
Lunathyrium japonicum |
tuwmoktay |
6 |
30 |
38 |
1.9 |
4.48 |
|
AENK (SCREW- PINES) | |||||||
|
Pandanaceae |
Pandanus julianettii |
aenk |
1 (1) |
5 (5) |
1 (1) |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
YA (VINES) | |||||||
|
Apocynaceae |
Parsonia sp. |
aenkpakpak |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Aquifoliaceae |
Ilex sp. |
hibishya |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Melothria belensis |
homat |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Cucurbitaceae |
Zehneria cissybium |
aendluwpluwp |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Dioscoreaceae |
Stenomeris dioscoriifolia |
tombel |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Ericaceae |
Dimorphanthera sp. |
wolaya |
4 |
20 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.41 |
|
Goodeniaceae |
Scaevola oppositifolia |
aymonk |
3 |
15 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.52 |
|
Family |
Plant name |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Racemobambos congesta |
mael |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Liliaceae |
Geitonoplesium cymosum |
unguwruwm |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Moraceae |
Ficus insculpta |
sebseb |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Oleaceae |
Jasminum sp. |
kuwkpuw |
2 |
10 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.91 |
|
Rhamnaceae |
Rhamnus nepalensis |
waenjwaenj |
5 |
25 |
7 |
0.35 |
0.67 |
|
Rubiaceae |
Psychotria sp. |
tainjtainj |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pipturus sp. |
haeraedaep |
4 |
20 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.55 |
|
Vitaceae |
Cayratia sp. |
paerelya |
1 |
5 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.45 |
|
GAIMB (CANE GRASSES) | |||||||
|
Gramineae |
Coix lacryma-jobi |
gaimb |
2 |
10 |
22 |
1.1 |
4.69 |
|
Gramineae |
Miscanthus floridulus |
gaimb |
18 (14) |
90 (70) |
246 (157) |
12.3 |
8.83 |
|
Gramineae |
Saccharum robustum |
mokombez |
4 |
20 |
6 |
0.3 |
0.66 |
|
MUNK SHOR (TALL LARGE-LEAVED HERBS) | |||||||
|
Polypodiaceae |
Microsorum punctatum |
borok |
4 |
20 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.55 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia odontonema |
taenktaenk |
6 |
30 |
25 |
1.25 |
2.53 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
hogben |
4 |
20 |
17 |
0.85 |
1.95 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
piyborgo |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia sp. |
tedbel |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Riedelia sp. |
sulshor |
3 |
15 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.37 |
|
DEN (GRASSES AND LOW HERBS) | |||||||
|
Balsaminaceae |
Impatiens sp. |
hungmaenk |
14 |
70 |
357 |
17.85 |
26.69 |
|
Boraginaceae |
Cynoglossum javanicum |
kobkob |
17 |
85 |
64 |
3.2 |
3.14 |
|
Compositae |
Adenostemma lavenia |
kobkob |
17 |
85 |
71 |
3.55 |
3.17 |
|
Compositae |
Bidens pilosus |
kobkob |
17 |
85 |
142 |
7.1 |
6.32 |
|
Compositae |
Blumea arnakidophora |
kuwmkuwm |
2 |
10 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.49 |
|
Compositae |
Crassocephalum crepidioides |
waembuw |
10 |
50 |
95 |
4.75 |
11.06 |
|
Compositae |
Erechtites valerianifolia |
waem |
2 |
10 |
12 |
0.60 |
2.09 |
|
Compositae |
Tithonia sp. |
flowa |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Kyllinga brevifolia |
dunguwlumb |
2 |
10 |
2 |
0.1 |
0.31 |
|
Cyperaceae |
Scleria ciliaris |
waelturuwk |
1 |
5 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.67 |
|
Gramineae |
Arthraxon hispidus |
taengbiyp |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Gramineae |
Garnotia stricta |
buwkbuwk |
9 |
45 |
1212 |
60.6 |
133.88 |
|
Gramineae |
Isachne arfakensis |
pibiytaeztaez |
7 |
35 |
14 |
0.7 |
1.13 |
|
Family |
Plant name |
Wola name |
No. quadrats in which occurred |
Frequency (% of total quadrats) |
Total no. plants |
Mean plants 100m-2 (quadrat-1) |
Standard deviation |
|
Gramineae |
Ischaemum polystachyum |
bol |
5 |
20 |
368 |
18.4 |
74.85 |
|
Gramineae |
Leersia sp. |
obol-oliy |
1 |
5 |
20 |
1.0 |
4.47 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
burumbol |
12 |
60 |
195 |
9.75 |
18.16 |
|
Gramineae |
Paspalum conjugatum |
holiygiyn |
3 |
15 |
20 |
1.0 |
3.60 |
|
Gramineae |
Setaria sphacelata |
dikiyta-kot |
14 |
70 |
176 |
8.8 |
9.75 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus scutellariodes |
kaerobkaerob |
14 |
70 |
215 |
10.75 |
12.42 |
|
Labiatae |
Plectranthus sp. |
mahap |
1 |
5 |
3 |
0.15 |
0.67 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium repandum |
torwatorwa |
18 |
90 |
760 |
38.0 |
57.3 |
|
Leguminosae |
Desmodium sp. |
cowaden |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Melastomataceae |
Poikilogyne sp. |
magiliym |
9 |
45 |
20 |
1.0 |
1.52 |
|
Orchidaceae |
Spathoglottis plicata |
pondiyp |
3 |
15 |
6 |
0.3 |
0.80 |
|
Polygalaceae |
Polygala sp. |
makaengap |
2 |
10 |
10 |
0.5 |
2.01 |
|
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum nepalense |
ngat |
6 |
30 |
293 |
14.65 |
58.81 |
|
Polypodiaceae |
Phymatopteris albidosquamata |
aenksuwp |
3 |
15 |
5 |
0.25 |
0.64 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus moluccanus |
hezaembul |
8 |
40 |
14 |
0.7 |
1.22 |
|
Rosaceae |
Rubus rosifolius |
momoniyl |
9 |
45 |
34 |
1.7 |
3.08 |
|
Selaginellaceae |
Selaginella sp. |
kuwmkaes |
12 |
60 |
145 |
7.25 |
10.87 |
|
Solanaceae |
Physalis peruviana |
loliy |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Tiliaceae |
Triumfetta sp. |
kondoliyp |
1 |
5 |
5 |
0.25 |
1.12 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Centella sp. |
homsep |
8 |
40 |
77 |
3.85 |
8.30 |
|
Urticaceae |
Cypholophus sp. |
woluwmsaeren |
1 |
5 |
40 |
2.0 |
8.94 |
|
Urticaceae |
Pouzolzia sp. |
mondkaend |
2 |
10 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.62 |
|
Violaceae |
Viola arcuata |
muwmonhuwshiy |
12 |
60 |
75 |
3.75 |
5.81 |
|
EM-BORT-BWAY SEM (CROPS) | |||||||
|
Acanthaceae |
Rungia klossii |
shombay |
6 |
30 |
119 |
5.95 |
19.57 |
|
Liliaceae |
Cordyline fruticosa |
aegop |
6 |
30 |
13 |
0.65 |
1.27 |
|
Passifloraceae |
Passiflora edulis |
ya iyl |
1 |
5 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.22 |
|
Umbelliferae |
Oenanthe javanica |
taziy |
13 |
65 |
676 |
33.8 |
50.86 |